Malcolm X Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Autobiography of Malcolm X by Alex Haley was published in 1965. It is national best seller about the life and times of Malcolm X. On May 19, 1925 Malcolm Little was born in Omaha, Nebraska. His father was a preacher who spoke out about the unity of black people. This caused several white racists to strike out against Malcolm’s father and his family violently. His family moved to Lansing, Michigan where Malcolm, his parents, brothers, and sisters were shot at, burned out of their home, harassed, and threatened. When Malcolm was 6 years old, his father was murdered by a white man. After his father’s death his mother had a nervous breakdown and the family got split up by welfare agencies. Malcolm was placed in a lot of different schools and boardinghouses. He was a good student and wanted to be a lawyer someday, but a teacher told him that because he was black he should take up carpentry instead. At age 15 he dropped out of school and moved to Boston to live with his half sister Ella. He quickly sees the fast pace life of Detroit. To get money he shined shoes, worked at a soda fountain, worked at a restaurant and on a railroad kitchen crew. Later he moved to the black Harlem section of New York City where he sold drugs, became a thief, and was involved with a lot of hoodlums and pimps. He moved back to Boston and got arrested for burglary. While he was in prison he learned about the Nation of Islam and later joined the Islamic religion. He was released from prison in 1952 and went to be with his brother in Detroit where he replaced his last name, Little, with X to symbolize his lost true African family name. The Islamic religion taught that white people were devils so Malcolm went around speaking out against whites at universities and other places. He returned to New York and became minister of the Harlem temple. For 12 years he preached that the white man was the devil and Muhammad was God’s messenger. In 1964 he left the Nation of Islam and said "I feel like a man who has been asleep somewhat and under someone else’s control. I feel what I’m thinking and saying now is for myself. Before, it w as for and by guidance of another, now I think with my own mind."(Haley 312) He was 38 years old when he left the Islamic religion and started his own group, Organization of Afro-American Unity. He went to Mecca, known as the Hajj, and this is a religious... ...t of drug addiction, self-hatred and poverty. He restored a sense of pride in our African heritage to millions of black Americans. He offered his own view of civil rights issues, and it was totally different from the views held by other leaders, who were thought to be more moderate. If he had lived, many people think that he would have become one of the most powerful political figures this nation has known. At the end of the book Malcolm said, "I know that societies often have killed the people who have helped to change those societies. And if I can die having brought any light, having exposed any meaningful truth that will help to destroy the racist cancer that is malignant in the body of America then all of the credit is due to Allah. Only the mistakes have been mine." Book Report: The Autobiography of Malcolm X Chidima Keke April 13, 2004 African American History II Professor Lewis Works Cited Haley, Alex. The Autobiography of Malcolm X, Ballantine Books: New York.1965 D.Hine, W.C. Hine, Harrold Stanley. The African American Odyssey. 2nd edition. Vol.2.Perason Education, Inc: New Jersey. 2003

‘Deadly Unna?’ By Phillip Gwynne Essay

‘Deadly Unna?’ was the first novel of the famous Australian author, Phillip Gwynne, published in 1998. The fascinating drama novel expresses the inter-racial friendship between two teenage boys, Gary â€Å"Blacky† Black and â€Å"Dumby† Red. The book focuses on many complications the adolescence face, for example racism, favouritism, relationships, families, exclusion and more. ‘Deadly Unna?’ is set in the Port and Peninsula of South Australia, the ‘Goonyas’ (white Australians) are based in the Port and the ‘Nungas’ (the Aboriginals) are located on the Peninsula. The reason for this separation is to emphasise the racial tension between the white Australians and the Aboriginals that the author is trying to present. The story is told from the perspective of the main character, ‘Blacky’. As the story is being told by a white Australian you would be led to believe that it is going to be a very biased story but in this case it is quite the opposite situation. Gary Black is one of the few, if not the only, characters from the Port that truly understands the similarity that the two races acquire which enables the readr to see Aboriginals in a different light from the generalised/sterotypical image common in Australia. Gary â€Å"Blacky† Black is the major character in this novel, as the basis of the book revolves around him and his experiences and complications he faces in his youthful life. Blacky is more academic then he is sport orientated, though saying this he does play football. Blacky has a rather large family consisting of eight children, a stay-at-home mother and a hindering father. Blacky gets along with his siblings though they do have the occasional conflict, he is proud of his mother but unfortunately has a weak relationship with his father because of a previous controversy. Though Dumby Red did not physically appear very often throughout the book,  one particular incident involving Dumby Red arose great racial contention. Dumby Red was a very enthusiastic, optimistic and extremely self-assertive character. He was responsible for Blacky’s change of mind towards the Aboriginals, he was the one the made Blacky see the Aboriginals for who they really are, not who they are said to be. ‘Pickles’ is Blacky’s best friend, he in highly intolerable with his disgusting habits and his lack of general hygiene and know one will ever know why Blacky’s relationship with him is so strong. ‘Arks’ is Blacky’s over enthusiastic and encouraging football coach, he was a great influence on Blacky’s football performance in the grand final. Clarence is Dumby Red’s sister, at one point in the novel Blacky was rather fond of her though he was warned by Darcy that he must be careful who he associates himself with. Darcy is Blackys next door neighbour, the elderly man is very king to young Blacky and is always full of good advice, Blacky enjoys spending time with him and hearing about his fascinating life. The book is separated into two sections, winter and summer. Winter being the football season and summer the off season. The beginning of the novel focuses on football and Blacky’s attempt to be the hero of his team. It briefly touches on relationship and racial difficulties though the real complications reach their climax towards summer. Horrific crimes occur making the plot very interesting, people are being blamed, hearts are being broken and choices are having to be made. The Port’s football team make the grand final, disaster occurs on a boat, family relationships are tested, there is dispute at the football awards, the death of a well loved character provokes outrage throughout the community, true friendship is being questioned and Blacky follows his heart to do what is right. The purpose/aim of ‘Deadly Unna?’ is to highlight the seriousness of racism that takes place in the country we live in, as well as focusing on many concerns that adolescences face today. This is very effective as the book is intended for young adults meaning they are able to relate and compare their  lives to the ones created in the book. The use of Australian ‘slang’ (for example youse, ya and g’day) in the novel was also very powerful as it strengthened the realism of the characters. Many people nowadays do speak with ‘slang’ and it is the stereotypical way the true Australians communicate. A definite strength of the book is that it is written in first person, the use of Blacky’s thoughts and feelings throughout allows insight into the life he lives during the dramas that occur. The fact that Blacky was not bias in his feeling towards the Aborigines also assisted in allowing the reader to understand both sides of the racial conflict. The only minor weaknesses in the novel were the friendship between Blacky and Dumby Red. Though is does discus how good of ‘mates’ they were, it did not go into great detail of the complexities they face because of their inter-racial relationship. The other flaw in the novel was the misleading blurb, the blurb deceives the reader to think that the story line will be revolved around Blacky and Dumby Red facing the community whereas it focus on the much broader community facing the truth about the Aborigines. Overall the book was thoroughly enjoyable and should be recommended to other teenagers. The humour the novel possesses mixed in with the moving theme of racism made the book a worthwhile read. As James Bryce, a diplomat, historian and politician, said â€Å"The worth of the book is measured by what you can carry away from it†.

Postmodern condition

Postmodernism can be called â€Å"a condition of contemporary culture†, It Is a modern movement which is strong, ambiguous, very popular and controversial. However, It is very difficult to explain the term because there Is no full clarity what the term really means. As one can read in The Condition of Postmodernist It Is â€Å"a mine-field of conflicting notions† and â€Å"a battleground of conflicting pollens and political forces†.There are so many Interpretations, definitions and evaluations of the term that It Is hardly possible to build a coherent definition, or to be brave enough to attempt to scribe It. Almost everyone has a different pollen about It, advocate â€Å"for† or â€Å"against† or are simply tired of all the fuss around It. For some researchers, the reference to postmodernist is equal to the attempt to recall something impossible to recall. Or to express the inexpressible, incomprehensible and unnecessary. In their eyes, talking abo ut post-modernism is the intellectual blindness, or at least a desperate search for something â€Å"new† and â€Å"different†.Some might think that postmodernism is a fashionable set of â€Å"new ideas† (postindustrial, postindustrial). But these ideas increased with time. Other researchers believe that postmodernism quite openly supports relativism, because it has some ability to explain certain things and at the same time is the enemy of the idea and the sole objective truth. Truth is elusive, polymorphous. Nevertheless, according to Frederic Jameson, postmodernism â€Å"creates more problems than solves†, and he also wonders if any other concept can dramatist the discussions so thoroughly and so effectively.Jean Baudelaire, the main initiator and most influential authority on the sociological reflection on the post-modern breakthrough in the society and culture, thanks to the saute diagnoses tries to warn us about all kind of threats that technological advances could cause. According to Baudelaire, they turned the post-industrial social world in hyper real reality shaped by the media codes and models, which were reproducing â€Å"simulacra† (the images of the world devoid of real prototypes).One of the hyperthermia images and the world of Imagination (Baudelaire writes) Is Disneyland, which is the perfect model of all those confusing orders of simulation. It Is primarily a game of illusions and phantasms. Imaginary world of Disneyland Is neither true nor false. It Is a space of regeneration of the world of Imagination, reminiscent of a recycling factory. Thus, the world of the Imagination of children and adults Is a rubbish, the first great collocation hyper real pollution. Disneyland Is a prototype of this new feature on the mental area.As one can read In Simulacra and Simulation â€Å"It Is no longer a question of a false representation of reality (Ideology) but of concealing the fact that the real is no longer real, an d thus of saving the reality principle†. Another example of† flipping † a deeper reality by its overriding, and hen hiding its deficiencies, through breaking any relations with it and finally achieving the status of its simulacrum, completely emancipated from the power of intellectual reliability in some American humanistic academic circles.That is why he decided to do the â€Å"experiment†, which consisted in checking whether the leading American Journal dedicated to cultural research will publish a text full of nonsense, if it only sound good. It turned out that publishers without a hint of discomfort printed the text devoted to quantum physics, not making the trouble to its decision to consult any specialist in this field. This has caused a storm of controversy not only on the pages of periodicals industry, but also the daily press. Shoal meant to indicate â€Å"abuse†, whose plenty, as it turned out, in the literature.

Nature in Literature Essay

Nature is one of the most powerful forces that has ran through literature throughout human history. Ever since the first recorded dramas and philosophical works, man could not avoid being in contact with the world around him, and so his connection to the earth must inevitably be part of his story. In literature, when nature is addressed, it is often in praise or awe, of its terror or of its beauty. Nature can represent the real and visceral as well as the sublime and the mystic. If one examines the work of the Transcendentalists, the Romantic Poets, and certain novelists, it is evident that the underlying feeling is that Nature provides inspiration and bliss, as well as a much-needed refuge from society. One of the best known schools of thought which dealt with Nature in literature is Transcendentalism. The Transcendentalist movement began in America in the 1800s. Transcendentalists believed that the divine could be reached through nature, by any man. The hallmark work of the movement was Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Nature. The most famous section of the work is when Emerson recalls an experience he had in the woods, and says â€Å"I become a transparent eye-ball. . . . I see all. The currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God. † (Cromphout 210) Emerson tapped into an experience of non-being, connecting on a purely spiritual level through nature, without need of church or religion. Equally famed is Henry David Thoreau’s work Walden. In this classic, Thoreau captures the spirit of nature, solitude, and finding joy in both. As an experiment, Thoreau left society and went to live in a cabin on Walden Pond. In this famous statement, Thoreau sums up the mission of his experiment: â€Å"I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. .. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms. † (Thoreau 5)He was making a stand against the materialism and convoluted nature of society- â€Å"Our life is frittered away by detail, simplify, simplify,† he says. For him nature represented the bare essentials- trees, rock, hunger, thirst; the things that lay behind the trappings of society. He took immense joy in the solitude and beauty of his life at Walden Pond. He farmed, observed, and lived in harmony with nature. Walden opened people’s eyes and inspired them, and might be the most classic example of nature in literature. Another Transcendentalist, the most radical and wonderfully incendiary, was Walt Whitman. His most famous work, Leaves of Grass, was written in free verse and was seen as controversial and even obscene by the uptight intellectuals of the day. The essence of his work is a deep oneness with nature, having no shame in being, and joy in what can be seen and felt. In Song of Myself, he says, â€Å"I am satisfied†¦ I see, dance, laugh, sing. † â€Å"The play of shine and shade on the trees as the supple boughs wag†¦ The feeling of health†¦ the full-noon trill†¦ the song of me rising from bed and meeting the sun. † (Whitman 12) For Whitman, nature is all he needs, he takes endless joy in being, tempering the intellect with natural physical pleasures. An equally important school of thought was the Romantic movement in Europe. Romanticism grew out of a rebellion against the Enlightenment and its stark intellectualism. Instead, romanticism revolves around passion, emotion, nature, mystery, turmoil, and all the qualities of life that were not constrained by reason. â€Å"Nature mysticism† was one of the most important aspects of the movement. (Micale 140) The romantics preferred the country and the wilderness to the city, and loved both gentle, pastoral landscapes as well as the turbulent, sublime, dramatic, and exotic. (Micale 150) Of course, literature was at the core of the Romantic movement, and the love of nature is reflected in its works. An excellent example of the â€Å"sublime† side of nature is found in the work of the mysterious literary figure Ossian, who influenced so many of the romantic writers. Ossian was actually the Scottish poet James Macpherson(1736-1796) who wrote a collection of ancient Scottish poems, claiming to be word-of-mouth folk tales, but it is supposed that he wrote them himself. (Simonsuuri 192) The poems involved misty, windblown, rocky landscapes and moonlight, and the romantic images and ideas he brought about captured the imagination of society and of individuals such as Goethe, Napoleon, and Jefferson. (Simonsuuri 287) People were drawn to this exotic, wild side of nature and the worlds that it conjured. An example of the green, pastoral side of nature in romantic literature is found in William Blake’s Songs of Innocence and of Experience. In the poem Laughing Song, he says:â€Å"When the green woods laugh with the voice of joyAnd the dimpling stream runs laughing by,When the air does laugh with our merry wit,And the green hill laughs with the noise of it. † (Blake 28) In Songs of Innocence, Blake connects the lovely landscape with youth, joy, and happiness. In his poetry, the countryside represents â€Å"innocence† and all things good, while the city represents â€Å"experience† and disillusionment. In conclusion, nature is one of the strongest forces found in literature. Men have written about the natural world and how it affects them for centuries, and will continue to do so. In Europe, Nature was at the core of the Romantic movement. Their works reflect both the stormy and sublime side of nature as well as the peaceful and pastoral. Either way, the romantics were moved to bliss and rapture by the beauties they saw around them. In America, a similar movement took place with the Transcendentalists, who believed that the unifying spirit in all things could be reached directly through nature. In literature, nature is often perceived with some amount of mysticism. To man, nature represents all that is not machine and society, it represents a state of freedom, passion, and beauty. If one examines the work of the Transcendentalists, the Romantic Poets, and certain novelists, it is evident that the underlying feeling is that Nature provides inspiration and bliss, as well as a much-needed refuge from society. Word count: 1100.

Beauty (unlike ugliness)

Beauty (unlike ugliness) cannot really be explained and it was also quoted that â€Å"Like a God (and as empty), it can only say: I am what I am. 1 The path to beauty is what we are all trying to find and to follow. To define beauty as that which is sought, as it appears in imagination, is sufficient that everyone is seeking beauty, for it cannot be denied that everyone is looking for something and dreaming about it. 2 To dispute taste is futile, because beauty varies for different people and for the same person.The vulgar have their beauty, the lofty theirs. But the vulgar have moments in which they may appreciate another beauty, and so have lofty. Beauty is not entirely a personal affair, because the most subjective things are an objective part of human nature which is universal; as the hidden arrangements in one house are like those other houses. Ideas we take into our heads differ hardly more that food we consume. Seldom is there reason to suppose more individuality in our thoug ht s than in our behavior and apparel.We happen to have access to our own physical and psychical quarters, and can shut the door on the rest of the world; but there is no mysterious cleavage between this subjectivity or what is objective or out in the open. 3 The sameness of human wishes in their most subjective state is made public on screen of the movie, in the human interest stories of the newspaper magazines and novels, in window displays and on billboards. Advertisers write the open text on aesthetics that all may read.They know that men and women are enough alike to want the same things, to admire the same beauty; and they are so sure of this that on it they stake their fortunes. It would be idle to argue that each person has not a different idea of beauty, were not the illusion of uniqueness rather universal. According to Ames, people are richer or poorer in appreciation, but as, as in their belongings, they are luxurious or lacking in similar things, so that their very diffe rences are same.He added that, imaginations and predilections are as objective as hair and eyes, and equally dependent upon heredity and environment. Given a certain nature, education and experience, certain wishes will be inevitable which will necessarily reflect in appropriate beauty. Precisely because variation is rare it is magnified. Each person cherishes what personality he has, and is glad that in being conditioned to seek his own he can reject what is foreign to him and call it as ugly, though he is also happy to belike other people and to share their enthusiasm.Based on Ames, there are fewer disputes about beauty than is often assumed, because most people accept the standards of their country and sex, class and set. Western philosophers and psychologist have always been interested in the nature of art, the appreciation of art, and the psychology of artist. 4 Plato argued that aesthetic experience _____________________________________ 1. â€Å" Pacteau, F. (1994). â€Å" T he Symtom of Beauty. New York: Reaktion Books, 1-232. ISBN 094846254X. 2. Ames, V. M (1968). â€Å" Introduction to Beauty.New York: Ayer Publishing, ISBN 094846254X. 3. Ibid. 4. Hagman, G. (2005). â€Å"Aesthetic experience: beauty, creativity, and the search for the ideal. New York: Rodopi, ISBN 9042018569. 1 2 involved the apprehension of the good in nature. The non-sensuous pleasure, perhaps awe, of aesthetic feeling resulted from the reflection of ideal form in the object that only hinted at the profound perfection and beauty of its higher model. Hagman said that, for Plato, it was the apperception of this hint, the glimpse of the ideal, which was the source of aesthetic experience.Later, religious thinkers believed that aesthetic experience was linked to the revelation of divinity in the world, the sense of the worldly beauty being a reflection of the eternal beauty of God. Similar to Plato’s view was the belief that some objects, most especially art, expressed Godâ⠂¬â„¢s love and perfection more than others – or at least, the divinity was more easily glimpsed in some objects than in others according to Hagman. He also added that, it was not until the eighteenth century that a true psychology of aesthetic experience began to emerge.Starting with David Hume and Immanuel Kant, these modern thinkers tried to explain aesthetic experience in psychological terms. The objective nature of â€Å"the good† and â€Å"the beauty of God† came to be replaced by psychological processes by which our experience of the world is given aesthetic qualities and values5. Hume argued that aesthetic experience was associated with sensitivity to the association between a perception and a feeling. The particular aesthetic feeling s were those of refined pleasure, delight, awe, admiration, joy, and so on – in other word, the effects and passions considered to be special, positive value.Hume believed that certain type of experiences, those poss essing beauty, attained higher qualities in the formal expression of these feelings. Thus, for Hume, human’s sensibility and emotion replaced divinity and ideal form of aesthetic experience. Art, as opposed to natural sources of beauty, expressed certain associated feelings in refined and highly valued ways6. Hume argued that a person could develop his or her critical judgment in aesthetic matters by means of experience and study.He also stressed the need for the audience to keep â€Å"his mind from all prejudice and allow nothing to enter into consideration but the very object that is submitted to examination†. Hume claimed that the audience must be comfortable and without other intentions when viewing something aesthetically; this was one of the initial argument for the role of disinterest in aesthetic experience. What Hume was describing was type of empathy, an ability to put aside one’s normal position and needs and to â€Å"place oneself in that point of v iew that the artwork supposes†.Thus, aesthetic experience assumed a special form of relationship with the object in which the audience members would approach the experience with benign neutrality and willingness to give themselves over to the experience without prejudice. This relationship would then ideally result in a pleasant emotional state evoked by the specialness and refinement of the object ______________________________________ 5. Hagman, G. (2005). â€Å"Aesthetic experience: beauty, creativity, and the search for the ideal. New York: Rodopi, ISBN 9042018569. 6. Ibid 3Immanuel Kant postulated that aesthetic experience was a type of subjective judgment distinct from other human emotions, referring to this as taste. Essentially, taste was a type of universal and natural human capability similar to other modes of perception. As one experiences something aesthetically, there are sensations of pleasure within an attitude of disinterest. In fact, for Kant, taste was close r to reason than to emotion or sensation; it constituted recognition of a priori truths (such as beauty) in the concrete, â€Å"objective purposiveness†. Nonillusions and some Persistent MysteriesOne of the most curious phenomena that simply cannot be understood in terms of their primary cause sat the present time is the close relationship between certain mathematical series (e. g. , the Fibonacci numbers in which each successive term is the sum of the two preceding numbers) and the extreme vaguely defined cognitive experience we call visual pleasure or beauty. 7 If each Fibonacci numbers is then divided by the one previous to it, this new series converges on what has become a magical number – 1. 615838†¦, otherwise known as the golden ratio.The golden ratio appears ubiquitously in a wide variety of biological systems including the arrangements of seeds on a flower, the structure of fruits and vegetables, and the shape of the spiral shells of a Chambered Nautilus. 7 Most interesting in the present context, however, is the fact that if an observer is asked to identify the width and height of the most beautiful rectangle, the usual answer is close to the golden ratio. They said that this phenomenon appears through the history of art with the pyramids, Greek temples, renaissance art, and the contemporary views of female beauty all showing evidence of golden ratio.It is also observable in musical compositions. 8 Thus, there appears to be a close relationship between a subjective aesthetic judgment and a fundamental number appearing in a mathematical expression. 9 The problem is that this is a purely empirical observation; there is no theory of why these two domains should be linked in this manner. This mysterious relationship suggests, however, that mathematics and human aesthetic is intimately tied together for totally obscure reasons. Perhaps it is due to evolutionary forces of which we are only beginning to understand, but even this is the lo osest kind of speculation.Nevertheless, there are some well – established links that are considered. Aestheticians themselves are in surprising accord as to the nature of beauty and art. They usually agree that beauty is a value and that art is the means of realizing the value. They say that beauty lifts us out of littleness to understanding of the meaning of existence. In beauty we see the finish and finality toward which our efforts tend the poise to which our wobbly lives aspire. In beauty we behold our desire without ceasing to desire it, for the most satisfying beauty is the more it arouses longing.The classic ideal of beauty is more calm, the romantic more vehement, ______________________________________ 7. Uttal, W. R. (2003). â€Å"Psychomythics: Sources of Artifacts and Misconceptions in Scientific Psychology. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, ISBN 0805845844. 9. Ibid. 10. Ibid 4 while the modern tends to be wild and madcap; yet there is a passion in the classi c ideal, composure in the romantic, and some restraint in the modern, else none of them could be beautiful. From Sublimation to RegressionIn 1961, Robert Fleiss published an interesting elaboration of Freud’s sublimation model of aesthetic experience. Fleiss believed that in aesthetic experience, especially in the sense of beauty, there is a normal regression to an â€Å"early perceptory relation† involving the modality of primary perception,† which he conceived of as the combinations of perceptions of the labyrinth – outer skin, hands, and mouth unified into a single, nondistinguishable experience. According to Fleiss, in aesthetic enjoyment there is a muscular discharge of neutral energy.Rather than cannibalizing the object, the person experiences emphatic introjections of it. 12 Fleiss located the developmental level of aesthetic experience in the first oral phase prior to the mobilization of aggression that results in incorporative actions and fantasie s. He argued that the sublimation of this neutral oral libido is â€Å"inseparable from aesthetic enjoyment† and includes muscular discharges involved in the â€Å"modality of primary perception† – â€Å"a modality that continues to function throughout life.Thus, for Fleiss, sublimation is not simply a defense, but a normal aspect of the vicissitudes of libido that re essentially neutral during the first oral phase. It is the activity of this libido throughout life that accounts for the ubiquity of aesthetic experience. In an interesting series of case reports, Fleiss illustrated the relationship between sex and aesthetic enjoyment, and even argued for the simultaneous experience of both in mature, healthy sexual relations. ConclusionFor centuries, beauty has been considered a feminine attribute, and its pursuit a feminine responsibility. In fact the word beauty itself reflects the intimate connection between beauty and femininity. Even the most recent revision of the Webmaster’s New World Dictionary has as one of it’s definitions of beauty â€Å"a very good looking woman. † Thus we postulate that women’s preoccupation their appearance is consistent with the feminine sex-role stereotype. There are at least two additional aspects of beauty that may fuel women’s effort to emulate their culture’s beauty ideal.First, beauty often is associated with moral goodness, with being virtuous. Second, beauty can contribute to being powerful. _________________________________________ 11. â€Å" Santayana, G. (1955). â€Å" The Sense of Beauty: Being the Outline of Aesthetic Theory. New York: Courier Dover Publications, ISBN 0486202380. 12. Hagman, G. (2005). â€Å"Aesthetic experience: beauty, creativity, and the search for the ideal. New York: Rodopi, ISBN 9042018569. BIBLIOGRAPHY Ames, V. M (1968). â€Å" Introduction to Beauty. New York: Ayer Publishing, ISBN 094846254X.Hagman, G. (2005). â€Å"Aestheti c experience: beauty, creativity, and the search for the ideal. New York: Rodopi, ISBN 9042018569. Pacteau, F. (1994). â€Å" The Symtom of Beauty. New York: Reaktion Books, 1-232. ISBN 094846254X. Santayana, G. (1955). â€Å" The Sense of Beauty: Being the Outline of Aesthetic Theory. New York: Courier Dover Publications, 1-168. ISBN 0486202380. Uttal, W. R. (2003). â€Å"Psychomythics: Sources of Artifacts and Misconceptions in Scientific Psychology. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, ISBN 0805845844.

Past Does Matter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Past Does Matter - Essay Example The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin can be considered as a most valuable treasure not only for the American society of this century but also for generations to come. The writer gives different interpretation of the concept of success in this work. The author is one of America’s founding fathers but he is not a born leader. He has attained success of such a magnitude by dint of his hard work and strength of character, â€Å"having emerged from poverty and obscurity† (Franklin 3). His success story is a saga of incessant hard work and dedication by which Franklin has been able to rise from humble beginnings to a world renowned leader and the younger generations of this nation can draw a lot of inspiration from his exemplary life. Though born into the poor family of a candle maker, Franklin had a passion for reading and writing right from the early stages of his life. His unabated zest made him read each and every book he could lay his hands on, with the intention of be coming a writer. His family did not have the resources to afford proper education for their children. However, this did not drench his spirits and he became a self taught man. He began writing anonymously at the age of fourteen because he was sure that his brother would not publish him in his newly started newspaper.

Analyze the Sociological Contexts of Economics, Influence, and Power Coursework

Analyze the Sociological Contexts of Economics, Influence, and Power - Coursework Example However, the extent of this participation is greatly influenced by the changing sociological contexts within the community. As a state, Arkansas is endowed with lots of lucrative natural resources. Over the years, they have been tapped to help in promoting the economic progress of the nation. In particular, the Liberty community has been actively involved in the agricultural, tourism and mining industries. The production of meat, milk, lettuce, cotton, cauliflowers, sorghum, broccoli, copper, molybdenum, sand and cement has positively impacted on the development of this community. However, just like the rest of the society, this community is quite dynamic. It has now shifted to the manufacturing sector with concentrations in electronics, publishing and printing. With the increased research on Information Communication Technology (ICT), the members of this community have shifted their attention to this sector. Thus, there are increased scientific research and innovations embraced by the community. This has indeed strengthened the school-community relationships in many ways. Through engagements in such activities, the local populations get employment opportunities. This enables them to get income which they in turn invest in the education of their children. At the same time, they can use such funds to initiate various development projects in the local schools. At the same time, the local businessmen can be relied upon to supply the school with books, laboratory equipments, boarding facilities and other essential materials. This helps to strengthen their relationships (Delgado-Gaitan, C., 2013). With the rampant innovations in the field of ICT, this community is rapidly shifting from the traditional agricultural and mining to manufacturing and tourism industries. The members of this community have been compelled to change their attention and focus on these progressive sectors because they have a place in the